Raising domestic pigs for a variety of uses, such as meat manufacturing, breeding, and research, constitutes pig farming, sometimes referred to as swine production, which is an exciting and fulfilling agricultural activity. Pig farming, which has a long history going back countless years, has developed into an advanced enterprise that blends traditional husbandry methods with contemporary breakthroughs in genetics, nutrition, and animal welfare.
Although India’s pig farming industry is largely unorganized, there is an overwhelming need for pork and pig milk. Pig milk costs close to Rs. 300 per liter. But first, let’s read the entire description of government pig farming training in India.
Benefits Of Pig Farming In India:
There are several advantages to pig farming in India, which help the agricultural industry and the nation’s economy as a whole. The following are some important benefits of pig rearing in India:
High Profitability:
As the need for pork products rises, pig raising has become a very lucrative business in India. As a palatable and widely accessible source of proteins, meat has grown in acceptance, creating a sizable market demand. Pig farmers now have excellent options to increase their revenue significantly and enhance their standard of living.
Utilisation For Crop Waste:
Pig farming enables the effective use of waste from agriculture and products. Pigs may eat a variety of feed materials, such as leftover food from restaurants and farms, crop leftovers, and agricultural byproducts. By turning these waste materials into profitable meat and compost, this not only reduces waste but also gives farmers a second source of revenue.
Efficient Feed Conversation:
Pigs are noted for having an efficient feed process, which means they can turn grain into meat more effectively than other livestock. Because it lowers feed costs and increases meat manufacturing, this trait makes pig farming profitable.
First Growth Rate:
Pigs’ quick development rate and short period of gestation make it possible for processes to be changed over quickly. As a result, producers may raise and sell pigs in less time, resulting in a quicker return on investment and more production capacity.
Income Diversity:
Pig farming gives farmers the chance to increase the variety of their forms of income. Farmers can build a balanced revenue portfolio by including pig farming into their current farming practices, minimising their dependency on just one crop or livestock species. Through expansion, risks are reduced and overall economic stability is improved.
Work Creation:
Especially in rural locations, pig farming has an opportunity to create a substantial amount of work possibilities. The business supports both rural livelihoods and growth by employing a variety of skilled and unskilled employees in everything from pig rearing and leadership to pork product manufacturing and marketing.
Formation Of Organic Waste:
Pig dung is an abundant source of organic fertiliser. Pig faeces can be collected and composted to create nutrient-rich compost that farmers can use to increase soil’s fertility and increase crop output. This encourages organic farming methods and lessens the need for synthetic fertilisers.
Indian Pigs’ Native Breeds:
In our country, pigs come in a variety of native breeds. Listed below are a few of them:
Ghungroo:
Pigs of the Ghungroo breed can be found near the border between India and Nepal, in the West Bengal cities of Jalpaiguri and Cooch Behar, and in the North The majority of the animals are black and have the characteristic Bulldog face.
Jovaka:
Manipur and Mizoram are home to the Jovaka breed of pigs. Ankamali animals are compact in size, with long legs, and they weigh between 40 and 50 kg.
Ankamali:
They are found in the states of Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu. This breed is known for its petite size, long legs, and black to brown coat. At maturity, the average weight of this type is 40 to 50 kg.
Pigs Of Exotic Breeds:
Large White Yorkshire:
India uses this uncommon species a lot. The distinctive features of this mature dog, whose weight ranges from 300 to 500 kg, include a white coat with sporadic black pigmented spots, erect ears, a medium-length nose, and a dish-shaped face.
Middle White Yorkshire:
This breed is characterised by a white coat, a long, chiselled neck, and a long back. At maturity, its weight ranges from 270 to 360 kg.
Landrace:
This breed often has black markings on its skin and is white in tone. Large, drooping ears, a long snout, and a lengthy body describe them. A mature body weighs between 250 and 350 kg.
Berkshire:
Black with white markings on its feet, snout, and body, the Berkshire is This breed is known for its small head, middle-depressed face, and saucer-shaped body with flexible ribs. A mature body weighs between 280 and 350 kg.
Hampshire:
Animals have a white stripe running along their forelegs. Small, erect ears, as well as a compact torso, are typical features. Sows are excellent mothers.
Government Pig Farming Training In India:
To encourage animal husbandry and rural lives in India, the government runs a number of training programmes and pig farming-related projects. Various state-level agricultural agencies and organisations frequently carry out these programmes. Consider the following important details:
National Livestock Mission (NLM):
The National Livestock Mission (NLM) is an initiative funded by the government with the goal of advancing livestock development, especially pig rearing. Individuals keen on pig farming may have access to a range of training courses, seminars, and financial aid under this mission.
State Agricultural Departments:
There are agricultural agencies in each state of India, and those agencies may be able to provide training and advice on pig farming. To assist farms, they frequently work together with neighbourhood veterinarian clinics.
The Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs):
KVKs are agricultural training offices that offer training and direction in real-world situations.
NABARD:
NABARD, the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development, provides financial assistance and training to rural business owners, particularly those in the animal husbandry industry.
Livestock Development Boards:
Pig farming is one of many livestock-related ventures that are promoted by the growth of livestock boards, which are present in some states. They might coordinate training initiatives and offer funding.
Government Programmes:
Pay attention to government initiatives and pig-related subsidies. These programs frequently offer financial assistance and training to people looking to establish or grow their pig farming businesses.
Pig Farming License In India:
In India, pig farming is regulated by the state governments. Selling pork products and raising pigs both require licenses. The state government’s Animal Husbandry Department is responsible for issuing licenses. The pig farming licence has an annual renewal option and is good for one year. When applying for the licence, there must be a minimum of two pigs. As a result, the license also requires spick-and-span facilities for raising pigs.
A licence guarantees that the farm is operated in accordance with the standards and guidelines imposed by the government. Additionally, it shields customers from consuming questionable pork products.
Size Of The Indian Pig Farming Market:
India will contribute 9.06 million pigs to the global pig population of 784.20 million in 2022, according to figures from the 20th Livestock Census. Thanks to breeding initiatives that increased awareness of the advantages of pig farming, there was a noticeable increase in the pig population in India during the 10th and 11th Livestock Census.
The whole pig population in India has been on the decline since 2003, nevertheless. The number of pigs has increased in some states, including Assam, Jharkhand, Meghalaya, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, Nagaland, Bihar, Karnataka, and Mizoram, compared to previous livestock censuses.
Costs Associated With Establishing
A Medium-Sized Pig Farm:
20 piglets and 1 boar would cost: Rs. 1,000,000.
Construction of the shelter will cost :Rs. 1,50,000.
Equipment costs Rs. 30,000.
Cost of vaccination: Rs. 20,000
Feeding expense: Rs. 150,000
Cost of water management: Rs. 50,000
Cost of labour: Rs. 20,000
Amount for other expenses: Rs. 20,000
Conclusion:
In India, commercial pig farming is a genuinely lucrative industry, and pig farming’s social environment underwent significant change. However, in order to improve sustainability, it is necessary to establish marketing channels for pork and connect production plans with slaughter facilities. The lives of countless resource-poor, neglected, landless, and poor farmers could be improved by pig farming.